How Oobleck Works

Oobleck gets its name from the Dr. Seuss book called  Bartholomew and the Oobleck, because, well, oobleck is funny and strange.  Oobleck is a special type of slime with properties of both liquids and solids. If you squeeze it, it feels solid, yet if you relax your grip, it flows through your fingers. If you run across a pool of it, it supports your weight, but if you stop in the middle, youll sink like its quicksand.  Do you know how oobleck works? Non-Newtonian Fluids Oobleck is an example of a non-Newtonian fluid. A Newtonian fluid is one which maintains constant viscosity at any given temperature. Viscosity, in turn, is the property that allows liquids to flow. A non-Newtonian fluid does not have a constant viscosity. In the case of oobleck, viscosity increases when you agitate the slime or apply pressure. Ooblecks Interesting Properties Oobleck is a suspension of starch in water. The starch grains remain intact rather than dissolving, which is the key to the slimes interesting properties. When a sudden force is applied to oobleck, the starch grains rub against each other and lock into position. The phenomenon is called shear thickening and it basically means particles in a dense suspension resist further compression in the direction of shear. When oobleck is at rest, the high surface tension of water causes water droplets to surround the starch granules. Water acts as a liquid cushion or lubricant, allowing the grains to flow freely. The sudden force pushes the water out of the suspension and jams the starch grains against each other.

“The Art Of Communication Is The Language Of Leadership”

â€Å"The art of communication is the language of leadership† James Humes In a project setting, the project manager is the center of communication from almost every aspect of the project. The project manager has the most information about the project, know what needs to be done, and is contact with the contractors, team members and stakeholders on a regular basis. Communication from the leadership level is so important because it sets tone for the entire project. â€Å"Communication by project managers needs to be timely, honest, and unambiguous. The project manager should create an atmosphere that fosters timely and open communication without fear of reprisal and must be open to differing viewpoints†. (Gido, Jack, p. 345) This topic isn’t thought†¦show more content†¦. Cleland and Ireland, two specialists in project management, have one of the more expansive definitions by observing that communication is a process where individuals exchange information through signs, symbols, or behavior (2002, p. 483). â€Å"Project managers and professionals often fail to recognize that communication on a project takes many forms: verbal in-group and individual exchanges of information, and documentation such as design drawings, reports, contracts, work orders, and the like† (Cleland and Ireland, 2002, p. 482). They also point out the significance of informal communication and nonverbal communication. Another expert has a similar model in which he divides communication types into four methods: formal written, informal written, formal verbal, and informal verbal ( Burford (2013) p. 208). Even with the various types of project management communication, nearly all project management professionals refer to one model of communication – Source-Message-Channel-Receiver (SMCR) model. They all agree that communication involves receiving and sending messages. Even non-verbal communication is limited to the SMCR model (Kendrick, 2012, p. 1890. It describes the six stages of interpersonal communication in project management: communication opening; identification ofShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : Professional Profile887 Words   |  4 Pagesovercome language barriers while building strong rapport and fostering exceptional interpersonal communication. My ability to keep students engaged has allowed me to relay information to an attentive and receptive audience. To the same extent, my TESOL certification and my former pastoral experience allows me to anticipate the needs of my students and design meaningful and effective coursework based on such needs. To further my abilities as a mentor and teacher, I have frequented leadership developmentRead MoreAnalysis Of Tasman Arts Training Institution Essay1381 Words   |  6 PagesTasman Arts Training Institution (TATI) has a reputation for being a quality private teaching establishment based in Nelson, New Zealand. It offers a large range of courses to prepare its students for a realistic and long-term career in fine arts. TATI is currently facing financial difficulties due to low student numbers. This report will outline some of the management issues TATI currently have in there organisation that relate to globalisation, communication, working in teams, leadership and motivationRead Mo reOrganizational Theory Essay1553 Words   |  7 Pagescompetitor, Art Depot, based in Vancouver, Canada. The Owner of Creative Colors wants to expand the retail service capacity of Creative Colors by bringing Art Depot’s two retail stores (both located in Vancouver, Canada) under the Creative Colors’ brand. Creative Colors has known in the marketplace for their high quality, personalized service, while Art Depot has focused on a low-cost business strategy. The owner of Creative Colors is anxious to create a culture within the two Art Depot storesRead MoreEvaluation Of A Classroom Referral Records817 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the first year, the program coordinator would administer the pre-assessment and gather results. Those results would then be presented at the first DRS meeting along with the common assessment data from Illuminate provided by the math and language arts teachers. Throughout the rest of the year, in six week interval during DRS; common assessment data would be analyzed to monitor THINK Together student growth. Twice a trimester, the administrative team would document GPA’s in student progress reportsRead MoreExample Of Departmental Culture1298 Words   |  6 Pagesservice: Learning and Accountability, Student Programs and Services, Business Services and Huma n Resources. The four divisions collaborate cross departmentally as needed and are united by the collective mission of ACOE to provide, promote and support leadership and service, to ensure the success of every child, in every school, every day and the values are to stand up for justice, stand out in excellence and stand together in partnership. ACOE is a bureaucratic agency with a vertical hierarchal systemRead MoreHuman Existence Be Possible Without Communication Essay1451 Words   |  6 Pagesexistence be possible without communication? How would human beings interact with each other and the environment, develop relationships, and understand the environment without communication? Basically, communication is the most significant factor across societies that plays a crucial role in shaping human destiny. The concept and process of communication has attracted several definitions because of the varying considerations of its significance in human life. Communication is defined as a tool for managingRead MoreLeadership And Leadership Of Public Administration1135 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership in public administration is the art of inspiring others to do the right thing, at the right time, for the benefit of the whole. The very word â€Å"leader† implies there is someone present with potential to follow and a directi on to move. The four articles referenced tie closely to our course text through examination of several leadership theories, then turning primary focus to qualities inherent to successful leadership. This paper will focus on transformational leadership theory. WeRead MoreLeadership Is Not A Position Or Big Office1128 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership is not a position or big office. It does not mean to own expensive office leather furniture. It is not driving a BMW or wearing a Rolex. The leader is a source of inspiration. The Leadership is a magic Leadership has nothing to do with seniority or one’s position in the hierarchy of a company. Leadership has nothing to do with titles. Leadership isn’t management. Leadership is a process of social influence, which maximizes the efforts of others, towards the achievement of a goal(Read MoreThe New Arts Education Plan915 Words   |  4 Pagesand eighth grade arts program consistent with the frameworks of the Internati onal Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme. The International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme requires visual and performing arts for all students and demands much more of students and teachers than our more traditional elementary arts program. We hope to provide an arts-rich school community to all our students. The new arts education plan would continue our focus on developing knowledge about art forms in variousRead MoreListening: The Most Important Skill of Communication 938 Words   |  4 PagesWithout the communication process this type of relationship is not possible. Specifically, without the skill of effective listening, the most important skill of the communication process, an interpersonal relationship cannot develop. Far too many people do not understand that real communication goes in both directions and that one must listen as much or more than they speak to effectively communicate. Without the ability to listen, an individual will not be successful in the communication process.

Job role of Safety Officer-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Job role of Safety Officer in the Aviation Industry. Answer: Introduction The report is written on the role of the safety officer in the industry of aviation. The aviation industry deals with various disciplines and safety measures in order to secure the lives of the passengers and employees. It is an industry which deals with huge risks and human factors (Wong, Brooks, 2015). Safety officer is very important because it monitors and assesses all the safety measures in order to neglect dangerous hazards and situations (Tong et al., 2015). Human Factors in aviation The safety and security of the flights more or less depends on the performances of the humans in the flight. These performances are categorised as flight Safety and Human Factors in the year 1986. Human factors generally deals with factors like: Deck design of the flights: The design of the flights has a lot to do with the accidents. Hence, it becomes important for the safety manager to look into it and provide advice to the engineers (Wise, Hopkin Garland, 2016). Design of service support: The safety managers looks into the major issues regarding human factors like mechanic anticipation, maintain software tools, maintain communication with the information team and maintaining customer support process (Wise, Hopkin Garland, 2016). Error management: It is important for the safety manager to manage the errors and to rectify them at the right time (Patankar, 2017). Cabin design of the passengers: The issues like emergency exits and the other safety aspects of the passengers are maintained in the leadership of the safety manager. Facts of little value There are factors which are of no particular use for the safety officer. They are: The safety officers do not have to deal with the errors of the pilot (ATPL, 2003). The error of the pilots is not managed directly by the safety officers. Safety officer has no role to play in the process of running the plane (ATPL, 2003). Influences The human factors includes the study of various subjects which deals with factors like psychology, engineering, human psychology, medicine, sociology and anthropometry. Safety is one of the key issues in the aviation along with others (ATPL, 2003). The safety manager deals the system effectively. The safety manager is responsible for the improvement of the effectiveness of the system. The direct influences on the safety officers work are: The safety manager is responsible for conducting the entire safety and security team. The security team is ordered to work according to few principles directives which are provided to them by the safety manager (ATPL, 2008). Efficiency is very important in this sector. The inconsistency in the efficiency can cause havoc causalities in this sector. Hence, the most important factor related to teh safety officers is efficiency (ATPL, 2008). Conclusion The report deals with the human factors which are related to the job role of the Safety Officer in the industry of Aviation. The Aviation Industry has various job roles; this is one of the important job roles among those. The report discusses about the issues which are not important for the job role. In the end the report include the influences on the job role of the sales officer. References ATPL. (2003). Human Performance and Limitations.Atlantic Flight Training LTD. ATPL. (2008).ATPL Ground Training Series: Human Performances and Limitations(4th ed.). Singapore: Oxford Aviation Academy. Maurino, D. E., Reason, J., Johnston, N., Lee, R. B. (2017).Beyond aviation human factors: Safety in high technology systems. Routledge. Patankar, M. S. (2017).Applied human factors in aviation maintenance. Taylor Francis. Tong, D. Y. K., Rasiah, D., Tong, X. F., Lai, K. P. (2015). Leadership empowerment behaviour on safety officer and safety teamwork in manufacturing industry.Safety Science,72, 190-198. Wise, J. A., Hopkin, V. D., Garland, D. J. (Eds.). (2016).Handbook of aviation human factors. CRC Press. Wong, S., Brooks, N. (2015). Evolving risk-based security: A review of current issues and emerging trends impacting security screening in the aviation industry.Journal of Air Transport Management,48, 60-64

Therapy for Children and Young Patients with Anxiety Disorders

Cognitive-behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a practice that has been in existence since 1980s. This approach involves a specific effort to preserve the positive impacts of behavior therapy that have been proved with involvement of the cognitive activities that are exhibited by the individual receiving the treatment.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Therapy for Children and Young Patients with Anxiety Disorders specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The main aim of merging the two approaches is to produce therapeutic change in the client (Albano Kendall, 2002). In its early years, it was highly utilized in Europe and North America for the treatment of various disorders. For instance, it was used for the treatment of panic disorder in United Kingdom and United States. This approach has been effective in the transformation of individual’s thinking and behavior. An anxiety disorder is a condition that is very common among children and teenagers. The disorder is identified in an individual where a person develops a high level of fear that a bad event will happen. The individual becomes vulnerable since all the coping mechanisms are overlooked making him or her pessimistic. The individual adopts a negative cognitive appraisal and becomes very hypercritical and self-focused. This makes him or her view any situation as posing a threat to their lives. There have also been cases of physiological arousal leading to somatic sensations and behavioral avoidance. This is where the child may avoid certain situations like going to school making it hard to ascertain predictions of a negative event (Bailey, 2001). There have been increased rates in the number of children suffering from anxiety disorders in the past few years. This has forced therapists to develop treatment methods that are evidence-based in order to provide a solution to this crisis. Various approaches have been tried where the focus has been to adopt the method that has proven efficacy. Cognitive-behavioral Therapy has been used in the treatment of anxiety disorder. The approach is based on the objective of changing the behavior of an individual that has developed from irrational thoughts (Bailey, 2001). This is through educating the individual and empowering him or her through positive experiences that result to development of coping mechanisms. It involves methods which have been picked from behavioral therapy that have been included by dealing with cognitive components of adjustment. This approach has been used to direct the treatment of children and youths facing anxiety disorders. This is through building effective skills that enables the children to function properly in various situations by avoiding unnecessary anxiety.Advertising Looking for coursework on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The CBT treatment of children and young patients has been adopted from the practice that has been carried out on adults. This is where the therapists working with the young patients adjust the content and speed of the therapy so that it can match with the level of a particular child. Due to existence of limitations in young patients in terms of metacognition and ineffectiveness in labeling of their feelings, the therapists working with these individuals adopt a more active approach so that they can utilize higher level of behavioral and cognitive techniques (Vonk Early, 2002). When applying this approach on the treatment of children with anxiety disorders, therefore, the therapist needs to understand that the individual is facing harmful thoughts of danger where fear for his or her well being dominate making the perception of the future appear disastrous. The approach of treatment using CBT utilizes three main areas. Using various ways, the identification and understanding of physiologic arousal enable the children facing this problem to have the ability to control the arousal. This is through the instructions that these young patients are given making them empowered to control their bodies and also utilize practices that reduce the arousal. The patients are led through the process of understanding the nature of their thoughts and how events that they encounter can be interpreted without arousing anxiety (Lewis, 2010). Through the provision of ways of challenging the truth of their thoughts, the young patients are able to come up with coping mechanisms through presenting the real nature of the situation at hand. This is an important step in solving the anxiety disorder since the patients are able to deal with dangerous thoughts that lead to avoidance. The patients achieve this through adopting a framework that is rational and realistic. The other step in this approach is supporting the youths to deal with situations that arouse their anxiety (Compton et al., 2009). This is a higher level where the patients are expo sed to these situations and are encouraged to use the learnt methods to deal with the arousal. The therapist guiding these patients assist the patients to face the situation of fear without running away from the fearful situations until their can do so, on their own.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Therapy for Children and Young Patients with Anxiety Disorders specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This approach is very effective for children facing anxiety disorders. Using the cognitive-behavioral approach, the child’s problem is analyzed where feelings of inability to cope with a situation at hand make the child pick an avoidance behavior thus increasing the fears that the child has already built within him or herself. Therapists dealing with such patients have been successful through the adoption of transformational thought diary. This method enables the young patient to rate his or her level of discomf ort using a subjective unit of discomfort scale that ranges from 0 to 10. This helps to identify the patient’s progress and enable the child to move from a situation of helplessness. The child achieves this through developing the ability to identify the initial signs of anxious arousal and the training the child receives making him or her gain the skills of anxiety management like relaxation and positive imagery. The patient overcomes the thoughts of danger by challenging them with evidences that are contrary to their perception. With time the patient uses these evidences to develop positive self-talk. Kendall et al. (1993) summarizes the child’s development of coping mechanisms to deal with anxiety through a four step process. Firstly, the young patient learns to identify the anxiety and develops a way of relaxing. Secondly, instead of expecting bad things to happen from a situation of anxiety, the individual overcomes this through positive self-talk. The third step i s adoption of actions and attitudes that are helpful which the problem-solving strategies become. The final step is the self-evaluation where the patient is assisted to appreciate the steps he or she has made in coping with failure and negative self-image. Various studies have discovered treatments that incorporate various methods that assist in the elimination of symptoms of anxiety in young patients.Advertising Looking for coursework on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These approaches have used these procedures where relaxation training has been used together with training to enable the patient deal with the negative thoughts concerning situations that he or she fears. The continued development is observed where the patient is exposed to these situations and instructed on how to utilize coping mechanisms to enable the situation not cause anxiety and distress. The effectiveness of this approach as a therapeutic intervention on young children was illustrated in a program that was conducted by Kendall (1994). In this study, a total of forty seven young patients aged between 9-13 years were treated using CBT approach. The subjects were analyzed using the criteria that involved grouping the subjects into those who had overanxious disorders, those with avoidant disorder and those who had separation-anxiety disorder. The numbers of these subjects were n=30, n= 9 and n= 8 respectively. The program used the treatment condition that involved sixteen weeks of CBT. At the end of the program, the 65 percent of active treatments had noted decrease in illness. This was particularly after the therapists included family management in their approach. The efficacy of CBT approach for the treatment of anxiety disorders in young patients was determined by a study that was conducted by Silverman and his colleagues (Silverman et al., 1999). This was through a follow up program that was done after initial intervention within a range of three, six and twelve months. The study which involved fifty-six young patients aged between 6 and 16 years found that the approach was more effective than use of the control group. This is because individuals who were treated using the CBT approach more than five times the number of all the sample population emerged free from illness. This is in comparison with those who adopted the control group as their model of treatment. Adoption of CBT in the treatment of children with anxiety disorders requires the therapist to look into other related issues that may influence the results of the therapeutic formulation. Firstly, the family of the child is very significant in the success of the treatment. This therefore means that the therapist dealing with the child need to involve the parent of the child (Cobham, Dadds Spence, 1998). The therapist does this after familiarizing him or herself with the family structure and system of belief that the family of the patient holds. This information may also be beneficial to the therapist since he or she is able to have a clear understanding on hidden issues like abuse or other disabilities. The program by Kendall indicated that the involvement of the patient’s family is essential in facilitating the success of the treatment (Kendall Warman, 1996). This is where the parents are directed on how to help their children gain the courage to face situations that they previously feared. Using the acquired cognitive-behavioral skills, the children are encoura ged by their parents through positive reinforcements to deal with these situations until the situations become a common occurrence to them such that it no leads to distress. The role that the patients’ families play in their treatment, therefore, cannot be overlooked. Previous practices have also indicated that the age of the child is of essence when deciding to include the parents of the patient (Dadds et al, 1999). This is where for very young children; the parents are more involved in the therapy process. This is because they need to be directed on how the cognitive-behavioral model functions and how it can be applied to solve the child’s problem. The parents are given specific directions on the management of this model in order to make the treatment process effective. The training of a parent makes it possible to come up with an effective plan to solve problems in children facing anxiety disorders. In addition, therapists are able to advice the parents suffering fr om anxiety to seek treatment in order to avoid negative influence on the treatment of their children (Gowers, 2009). Basically, the sex and age of the patient do not bring out significant differences in terms of the patient’s self-ratings of anxiety both before the treatment and after the process. In a study that was conducted to demonstrate the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for young children facing anxiety disorders, reduction of anxiety in children was achieved using this approach (Wenar Kerig, 2006). This research indicated that the role of parent involvement in this treatment and the need to start the intervention early leads to positive results. This study illustrated that individual CBT combined with parental involvement led to better results. There have been other methods that have been utilized in the treatment of anxiety disorders. For instance, pharmacologists have focused their treatment on the use of antidepressants (Silva, 2003). This method has led to positive results especially due to its efficacy (Scott, Mughelli Deas, 2005). However, this method when applied to children has led to negative effects. This has led to therapists turning to the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy since it has been used on adults without any side effects. The adoption of the approach on young children facing anxiety disorders has produced positive results since it does not cause any side effects like the pharmacologic agents do. According to Arnold et al (2003), CBT is the most effective treatment approach when dealing with children and other young patients suffering from anxiety disorders. The most effective setting for the application of cognitive-behavioral therapy for young patients is in an education setup. This is because within the school setting, the program can be designed to fit both the patients and their families. This is through adopting the appropriate timing for the therapy sessions and the time that the treatment will be delivere d. The schedule can be arranged to avoid interfering with the school and family programs. In addition, this setting is appropriate since the adjustment made ensures that the patients maintain regular attendance in the sessions of treatment and increase the chances of completing the program (Gail et al, 2005). When the needs of the young patients are considered, adoption of the treatment in the school setting can be the most effective for the therapy intervention process. The strengths of CBT approach are seen in its ability to be applicable in various setting without reducing its effectiveness. This is unlike other methods that adopt the clinical-based intervention alone (Steele, Elkin, Roberts, 2008). CBT on the other hand can be applied in the community setting. The program can be initiated in schools and the follow up done in the patient’s homes. This makes it possible to involve the families of the patients a factor that has made the approach bear more positive results. The strength of the CBT approach can be pointed in its commitment to empowering the patient thus making him or her take control of the situations that may emerge even in the future (Stallard, 2009). By exposing the individual to situations that have always aroused fear and distress and helping him or her utilize the learnt coping mechanisms, the individual feels as part of the solution making him or her develop a positive self image. Despite its success in treatment of young patients facing anxiety disorders, cognitive-behavioral therapy has several limitations. Firstly, the accessibility of these services has proved hard to many families, thus limiting the benefits that this approach brings to these individuals. This has been caused by the number of individuals who have been trained to undertake the processes are fewer than the number of patients who require their services. This is particularly because the skill is mostly learnt by psychologists and psychiatrists who are not enough when compared with the high rate of the occurrence of this condition among children and young adults (Raul et al., 2006). Secondly, the application of CBT in the treatment of individuals with anxiety disorders has sometimes been a challenge to most families. This is because most parents find it hard to refer their children for therapy treatment especially when the children are very young with the fear that the society will point a blaming finger on them as the cause of their children situation (Barrett, 1998). In addition, some families lack the understanding of the importance of therapy for their children. This is because these parents may not understand what problem their children may be facing thus; they do not see the need for the therapy intervention. Some families may not afford the cost of the therapy especially when the model is individual as it may overstretch their resources. Another concern that has been proposed especially when involving the parents of the patients is o ccurrence of overprotective behaviors among the parents towards their children. When the parents are not instructed properly on their role they might prevent their children from dealing with their former fears by shielding them from these situations (Barrett, Dadds Rappe, 1996). In conclusion, cognitive-behavioral therapy has led to good results in the treatment of children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. This is both when applied on an individual or a group. Cognitive-behavioral therapy aims at helping the individual to identify thoughts that are irrational after which the individual deals with these unproductive thought through methods like reinforcement and role play among others. This approach is patient-centered since the therapist only act more as a director and instructor while the patient determines how the progress will be achieved. Parental involvement in the treatment process has also been beneficial since it has led to improvement of these results. This is where the individual programme for children with anxiety disorders is improved through â€Å"Family Anxiety Management (FAM)† programme (Barrett, Dadds Rappe, 1996). It is also important to consider the setting of the therapy sessions as the appropriate setting will make the therapy successful. For instance, the education setting is the most effective for young patients as indicated above. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is one of the most validated methods of treatment of anxiety disorder where its greatest success has been proved in various researches that have been launched to come up with solutions to various disorders. References Albano, A. and Kendall, P. (2002). Cognitive behavioral therapy for children and adolescents with anxiety disorders: clinical research advances. International Review of Psychiatry, 14(2), 129-134. Arnold, P, Banerjee, S. P. and Bhandari, R. et al. (2003). Childhood anxiety disorders and developmental issues in anxiety. Curr Psychiatry Rep., 5(4):252-26 5. Bailey, V. (2001). Cognitive–behavioural therapies for children and adolescents. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 7: 224-232 doi: 10.1192/apt.7.3.224 Barrett, P. M. (1998). Evaluation of cognitive-behavioral group treatments for childhood anxiety disorders. J Clin Child Psychol., 27(4):459-468. Barrett, P. M., Dadds M. R. and Rappe, R. M. (1996). Family treatment of childhood anxiety: a controlled trial. J Consult Clin Psychol., 64(2):333-342. Cobham, V. E., Dadds, M. R. and Spence, S. H. (1998). The role of parental anxiety in the treatment of childhood anxiety. J Consult Clin Psychol., 66:893–905. Compton, S. and March, J. et al. (2009). Cognitive behavioral psychotherapy for anxiety and depressive disorders in children and adolescents: An evidence based medicine review. Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 43(8), 930-959. Dadds, M. R, Holland, D. E., Spence, S. H., Laurens, K. R. and Mullins, M. et al (1999). Early Intervention and p revention of anxiety disorders in children: results at 2-year follow up. J Consult Clin Psychol., 67:145–150. Gail, A. Bernstein, Ann E. Layne, Elizabeth A. Egan, and Tennison, D. M. (2005). School Based Interventions for Anxious Children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 44(11): 1118–1127. Gowers, S. (2009). Eating disorders: cognitive behavior therapy with children and young people (electronic resource) London: Routledge. Kendall, P. C. (1994). Treating anxiety disorders in children: results of a randomized clinical trial. J Consult Clin Psychol., 62(1):100-110. Kendall, P. C. and Warman, M. (1996). Anxiety disorders in youth: diagnostic consistency across DSMIII-R and DSM-IV. J Anxiety Disord., 10(6):452-463. Kendall, P. et al (1993). Cognitive behavioural therapies with youth: guiding theory, current status and emerging developments. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 235–247. Lewis, S. E. (2010). CBT for young children with anxiety disord ers. Brown University Child Adolescent Behavior Letter, 26(11), 3-4 Raul, R. S., Richard, G. and Haruka, M. (2006). Cognitive-behavioral treatments for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Primary Psychiatry, 13(5):68-76. Scott, R. W., Mughelli, K. and Deas, D. (2005). An overview of controlled studies of anxiety disorders treatment in children and adolescents. J Natl Med Assoc., 97(1):13-24. Silva, R. R. (2003). Psychopharmacology news. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol., 13(4):409-410. Silverman, W. K., Kurtines, W. M., Ginsburg, G. S., Weems, C. F. and Rabian, B. et al. (1999). Contingency management, self-control, and education support in the treatment of childhood phobic disorders: a randomized clinical trial. J Consult Clin Psychol., 67(5):675-687. Stallard, P. (2009). Anxiety: cognitive behavioral therapy with children and young people. London: Routledge. Steele, R., Elkin, D., Roberts, M. (2008). Handbook of evidence-based therapies for children and adolescents: Bri dging science and practice issues (Issues in Clinical Child Psychology). New York, NY: Springer. Vonk, M. E., and Early, T. J. (2002). â€Å"Cognitive-behavioral therapy† In A. R. Roberts G. J. Greene (Eds.), Social workers’ desk reference (pp. 116-120). New York: Oxford University Press. Wenar, C. and Kerig, P. (2006). Developmental Psychopathology: From infancy through adolescence (5th edition). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill This coursework on Therapy for Children and Young Patients with Anxiety Disorders was written and submitted by user Brielle L. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Rhinotillexis on the Decline

Rhinotillexis on the Decline Rhinotillexis on the Decline Rhinotillexis on the Decline By Maeve Maddox You may be pleased to hear that rhinotillexis is on the downturn, at least in public places. This lovely term means picking ones nose with ones fingers. In an article by Jim Shahin in the February 15, 2008 issue of American Way, I learned that a Harvard study reveals that rhinotillexis is down 70% from the year before. The decline is attributed to the fact that cameras are everywhere and people are becoming more cautious about the activity for fear of showing up on YouTube and grossing out their friends. The element rhino occurs in several English words. The animal (rhinoceros) gets its name from the combination rhino nose and keras horn. People hardly ever use the entire word anymore when speaking of the animal. Certainly calling it a rhino makes forming its plural much easier. A scholarly plural of rhinoceros is rhinocerotes. Ive never heard anyone say that. A more familiar plural is rhinoceroses, but thats hard to say and it sounds comical. A television ad selling a cold product shows a rhinoceros and tells viewers that the source of the common cold is the rhinovirus. Rhino occurs in other medical terms. People dissatisfied with the noses they were born with can opt for rhinoplasty, cosmetic surgery that alters the shape of the nose. Rhinoscopy is a technique for examining the nose and throat. If you are writing in a humorous vein and wish to describe someone who has a big nose, you could use the adjective rhinocerical. Something I didnt know before researching rhino is that it has been used as a slang word for money since 1688. Could be that this use of the word has something to do with the origin of the expression paying through the nose. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How Many Tenses in English?A While vs Awhileâ€Å"Least,† â€Å"Less,† â€Å"More,† and â€Å"Most†

6 Ways to Create a Productive Study Environment

6 Ways to Create a Productive Study Environment 6 Ways to Create a Productive Study Environment Whether you’re studying for a test or writing an assignment, working effectively depends heavily on your surroundings. As such, it’s critical that you have a good study environment. Luckily, we have six top tips for what makes the perfect place to study. All you need to do is keep the following considerations in mind†¦ 1. Location, Location, Location! Where you go to work makes a big difference to your productivity. If you’re studying at home, the key will be finding somewhere away from distractions and disturbances. If you don’t want to study at home, however, or if your party-hard housemates make working from home a little challenging, you have plenty of alternative options, including libraries and coffee shops. 2. Tidy Desk, Tidy Mind This doesn’t work for everyone (some people thrive on chaos), but generally you’ll find yourself more productive if your study environment is tidy and organized. This is partly because keeping your workspace tidy makes it easier to find books, notes or anything else you need when you need it. But it’s also because not being surrounded by piles of clutter and discarded coffee cups can make it easier to focus on the task at hand! Theres probably a desk under there somewhere. [Image: Ali West/flickr] 3. Eliminate Distractions You’re unlikely to get much done if you’re checking Twitter every thirty seconds. If this sounds familiar, you might want to install software on your computer/phone to temporarily block any websites or apps that you find distracting. The same applies to TV, friends, partners and anything else that stops you paying attention to your work: If it’s distracting, make sure it isn’t part of your study environment! 4. Background Music Many people find a bit of background music good for concentration. Instrumental music is the best option here, as songs with lyrics can become distracting. Note, however, that wearing headphones while revising has been found to make it harder to recall what you’ve read. So although you might think that wearing headphones is a good way to block out noise when studying at a coffee shop, it might also interfere with your learning! It definitely helps if you open your eyes, too. 5. Comfort is Key! Temperature, lighting and comfort all make a big difference if you’re settling in for a prolonged study session. Make sure your environment is cool, well-lit and comfortable enough that you won’t become restless after a few minutes working. Taking regular breaks is also helpful. You can also be too comfortable, though, so studying in bed is probably not a great idea. 6. Be Prepared†¦ Ultimately, the most important thing when creating a study environment is to be prepared! This means having everything you need to hand when you start, including books, notes, pens and pencils, a drink, snacks and any other study resources you find helpful to have around.

Answer the questions Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Answer the questions - Case Study Example Failure to pay taxes by Bill is also essential to this lawsuit. Overstatement of net annual profits by Sam is also fraudulent. Failure to disclose true and fair view information of the restaurant’s net profits creates a fine for Sam. Despite, the accountant disclosing the information on overstatement Bill still goes ahead to complete the sale indicating intention of hiding the improprieties by Sam (Hall, 2012). Sam can claim to have disclosed all information on the annual net profit of the restaurant through the brochure. Sam goes ahead to disclose the unreported cash transactions to Bill. Therefore, Bill is well aware of the nature of business and unpaid taxes. Bill goes ahead to accept and completes the sale. Making a net profit each year of a little less than $25,000 cannot be a basis to justify a breach of contract (Hall, 2012) Sam is liable for a fine for failure to report all transactions to IFS, which is fraudulent. Sam claims on breach of contract is invalid as he is well aware of the state of the restaurant dealings and attempts to cover the fraud (Hall,

Social and Political Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social and Political Philosophy - Essay Example Locke was amongst earliest thinkers who subject the problem of freedom to empirical analysis with the help of theory of social contract. From 1675, having clarified his socio-political ideology, he flitted between England to the continental Europe according to how well the regimes matched his ideas. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 in UK had much to further strengthen Locke’s ideology. In his political thought Locke reasoned against the inalienable, divine and hereditary right of the monarch to rule. Locke professed that the power of good governance gets invested in the ruler with surrender of right to life, liberty and property by the citizen as a rational purpose to secure his freedom. Such laws applied to communities as a whole with exception of none. If the ruler trampled upon the rights of his citizens, his forfeited the right to rule. A relationship of trust existed between man and the Government. He set forth his political agenda in the ‘The Two Treatises of Government.’ At the psychological level, he agreed with Hobbes that compatriot empiricist, that all perception occurred through the sense but stating his political ideology, but at the political level he argues against Hobbes of the right to rule is invested in the monarch through divine intervention. With Hobbes, Locke endorses the idea of ‘self-interested’ of man but disagrees with him that he is desire-driven and selfish. Man, according to him is naturally social and altruistic (Ess, n.d). Endorsing the Glorious Revolution of 1688, he argued that right to rule could be forfeited if the ruler failed to protect the rights of the citizens. Locke wrote that man was moral and equal in the state of nature and he willingly enters into ‘social contract’ of the civil society, to advance his ends of peace and security People surrender unto a government a measure of their natural rights to secure the

Legal, Social, and Economic Environments of Business Essay Example for Free

Legal, Social, and Economic Environments of Business Essay There are several categories that a small business can fall into. Within these businesses there are legal, social and economic environments that effect how the business is run and whether the business is a success or failure. From the cost to run to how the tax return is filed; all three have their advantages and disadvantages. All three also can produce a lucrative income for the right person or people. It is imperative to the business for the owner(s) to choose which path is the best way to go while taking in consideration the pros and cons of each type. Legal, Social, and Economic Environments of Business The idea of a three pronged cord came to me when I noticed how many cords have burned up on my appliances. The third prong on the cord would distribute the current better. My goal is to manufacture and sell my product. Small businesses are what formed our country. From the forming of our governments to starting computer companies in our garages business decisions had to be made. There are three main organizations of small businesses: Sole Proprietor, Partnership, and Corporation.  When opening a business the owner or owners need to know how each organization operates and which would be the best for them. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, but every business falls into one category or another. Business Organizations Sole Proprietor: A sole proprietor is a single individual who makes all the decisions in the business. There is no one to run to and ask â€Å"What do you think about this? † It is the most simple of the three types because there are almost no legal requirements. As a sole proprietor there is more freedom to do what the individual wants which makes it much easier to run. Also, the individual can get a tax benefit and there is a lower cost to start (Tavassoli, 2013. Slide 9) Almost anyone can have a small business as a sole proprietor. Although saving some money on the start up and from tax exemptions are a plus, there are some things one has to take into consideration. One is the limited resources because there is no one else around to bounce ideas off of and most people don’t have the business sense to run their own company from the start, unless they’ve had previous experience and knowledge in that field (Tavassoli, 2013. Another is the difficulty of borrowing money. Most banks or investors are hesitant to lend funds to one person because their financial resources are limited. Finally, all the liability of the business is put directly on the individual (Tavassoli, 2013. Slide 9). Whatever happens in the business is solely on the owner and there usually isn’t anyone to fall back on for help. Partnership: The second type of business is a partnership. There is more room for growth in this type of business because now we have an added talent or experience (Tavassoli, 2013). You automatically have someone to get insight on ideas and bring more ideas to the table. There is a better opportunity to borrow money. Now instead of one persons income and assets there are two. Someone is more likely to help finance a partnership than an individual person (Tavassoli, 2013, Slide 10). In addition, the business return flows into the individual/joint return. Just as a sole proprietor, a partnership has unlimited liability. The only difference is now there is more than one person involved so burden is split. In a partnership the owners are responsible for all the debt and expenses of the business (Ebert Griffin, 2005). Something else to consider is the difficulty to sell a business owned by a partnership. Why is it difficult? Consent is always needed from the other partner. No decision can be legally made without the other partner agreeing. Corporation: The third decision is a Corporation. Companies like Apple, Ford, and Microsoft all fall into corporations. One good thing about a corporation is the stockholders of a corporation have limited liability which means they are only liable for the amount they invested (Tavassoli, 2013. Slide 11) When there are law suits or debts only the corporation loses money. Lenders and investors are most like to provide funding for a legitimate corporation before others. Another thing is there is a better chance to find talent and pool ideas. The opportunity to create more jobs is another plus for being a corporation. With the good comes the bad. In a corporation there are multiple stockholders that have to be answered to when it comes to business decisions (Tavassoli, 2013. ) Theses owners will have their own opinions on how things should be done and which ideas to be taken into action. A corporation can be easily taken over if it is agreed upon by the majority of the owners. The financial reporting requirements are more extensive. Finally, at the corporate level businesses are double taxes not only as a corporation but on the paid dividends to its stockholders (Ebert Griffin, 2005). After careful consideration I feel a limited partnership is the best choice for my business. A Limited Partnership would allow us to obtain financing in the future, rather than trying to get financing on my own as a sole proprietor. Also, the amount of liability is reduced because we are only liable for the amount of our individual investments. This allows my partner not to have to take an active role in the partnership. A limited partnership agreement is not required but will be put in place to protect each partner (CEC, 2010).

Online Newspaper Vs. Print Version -- essays research papers

The contents of the Southeast Missourian online paper may seem so much more fitting with this day and age, but the traditional newsprint edition still offers their subscribers a lot more information. The print version organizes the newspaper with pictures from various sections located at the top, side, and bottom in order to draw the reader in to the articles and advertisements. The online version is very to the point in its content in the fact that the Southeast Missourian does not have to sell the online version to the public or subscribers, this is seen online with minimal advertisements that deal directly with the surrounding area . With the unappealing online version having only a basic structure to the inner contents along with two pictures, and a lead story, it seems more like a quick reference of news for the person that doesn’t have time to sit back and browse the newsprint edition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Web version displayed a different story from the printed newspaper. Another aspect of the online edition that didn’t appeal to me was the format of the articles. The articles were broken up into lengthy segmented paragraphs; this gets very tedious by having to scroll down the screen to read. Although the contexts of the articles are the same, the newsprint edition is more appealing in the sense that each article has at least one or more pictures relating specifically to it, this helps with the interpretation by referring back to the pictures surrounding...

Family and Young Boy Charley

Book Report â€Å"For One More Day†, By Mitch Albom Made by: Kitti Kristanti, Sec 1d For One More Day â€Å"This is a story about a family, and as there is a ghost involved, you might call it a ghost story. But every family is a ghost story  . The dead sit at our tables long after they have gone. † This is a beautiful, haunting novel about the family we love and the chances we miss. It explores the question, â€Å"What would you do if you could spend one more day with the ones you love? †Ã‚   The story  covers a conversation  Charley Benetto has with a sports writer.Throughout the conversation he goes back and forth between  the one last day he had with his mother and the important  events in his life, sharing his feelings– both past and present– about them. I particularly enjoyed the   way he shared throughout the book little vignettes of the times his mother stood up for him and the times he didn’t stand up for her. As a mother myself, I couldn’t help wondering if someday my own children would be able to look back and see with clarity the sacrifices I have made for them.Throughout the book I ‘heard’ some of the same things from the young boy Charley that I hear from my own children. It was rewarding and brought hope to see him come to a realization of how his interpretation of the events had been inaccurate and skewed by emotions in the moment. Perhaps my children will also understand someday As a young boy Charley Benetto makes the choice to be a daddy’s boy and does everything his father asks him to. Then his father disappears, leaving a broken family and an embarrassing situation for the young Charley to endure.Being raised by a single mother has it’s challenges and plenty of embarrassment, many that Charley takes out on his mother. â€Å"So he chooses his father, and he worships him- right up to the day the man disappears. An eleven-year-old Charley must then turn to his mother, who bravely raises him on her own, despite Charley’s emabarrassment and yearning for a complete family. †   Ã¢â‚¬ Decade later, Charley is a broken man. His life has been crumbled by alcohol and regret. He loses his job. He leaves his family. He hits bottom after discovering his only daughter has shut him out of her wedding.And he decides to take his own life. † â€Å"He makes a midnight ride to his small home-town, with plans to do himself in. But upon failing to do that, he staggers back to his old house, only to make an astonishing discovery. His mother- who died eight years earlier- is still living there, and welcomes him home as if nothing had ever happened. † â€Å"What follows is the one ‘ordinary’ day so many of us yearn for, a chance to make good with a lost parent, to explain family secrets, and to seek forgiveness. Somewhere between this life and the next, Charley learns the things he never knew about his mother and h er sacrifices.And he tries, with her tender guidance, to put the crumbled pieces of his life back together. † I related to this story on many levels. As a single mother myself I could relate to many of the experiences described and gained insight into what my children may be experiencing as a result of events they have no control over. As a daughter  who has at times experienced a  strained relationship with my own mother,   I gained  valuable insights into my own childhood memories and interpretations and was  reminded, again, that there is much more to the story that I do not completely understand.And as always– the betrayal revealed in the end made the recent and  painful betrayal of my own life seem small and insignificant in comparison. This clever story, told in Mitch’s masterful storytelling style, has left me with a new appreciation and understanding for those I love and has motivated me to be more intentional in valuing and cherishing the rel ationships I enjoy with those I love so that I will not be left with regrets for the experiences and the love lost. I highly recommend this book to anyone who has ever been a part of a family, who has ever lived with regrets, and who has ever questionned the value of their very existence.

The First Appendectomy

Celeste Chen Ms. Filowitz Language Arts 1 (Pre-IB) Period 5 7 September 2012 Writing Assignment #1: Author’s Purpose When composing a literary selection, an author has a point he or she wants to put across. There is a purpose, whether it be of the conscious or subconscious mind, almost every time an author composes. In Dr. Nolen’s case, he crafted this selection, â€Å"The First Appendectomy†, to inform the reader of the challenges of a young surgeon.To begin with, it is shown in many different ways that Dr. Nolen wanted to inform his reader of the issues a young doctor faces. Dr. Nolen writes with an urgency and a sense of a ticking clock, as shown in his frequent usage of measurements of time. â€Å"He could have tied off all the vessels in two minutes. It took me twenty. † (149) Therefore, the reader can infer from the selection, that the work of a surgeon is difficult and stressful, as a surgeon is racing against time as he or she is operating.The dang ers of going over time are prominent enough to extract much needed confidence, for an efficient surgery, from the heart of an amateur. Dr. Nolen wants to inform the reader on the challenges a young surgeon faces, such as forgetting how to perform a certain task, stressing over how much time is left and trying to impress a senior advisor. Dr. Nolen forgets how to perform this simple appendectomy. â€Å"†¦ for the life of me could not decide where to make the incision. (147) It is apparent, that Dr. Nolen wanted to exhibit the obstacles of a first-time surgeon. Having a purpose to compose a selection is very important for an author, for it sets the tone of the piece. Dr. Nolen decided to inform readers on how a young surgeon struggles in his first surgery. Many people do not quite realize how stressful and nerve-wracking a surgery can be, and Dr. Nolen writes this piece to show to the public exactly that.

lETTER IN SPANISH essays

lETTER IN SPANISH essays Hola Rosi como estas espero que bien?, discculpame que no tenga dos signos de interrogacion pero la computadora namas tiene dos, o la letra ~n. como te ha hido? a mi muy bien! cuentame como te va enla escuela? Que ha pasado en Mexico? Porfavor no le ence~nes esta carta ha nadie porque hay un ni~no en la eacuela que eata muy guapo, se llama Emmett Turner, tiene el cabello cafe-casta~no, sus hojos son verdes es un poco mas alto que mi, es muy buena gente y no es gordo. Yo orita estoy gugando soccer en el equipo de la escuela y me gusta mucho, tambien estoy hugando tennis y tambien me gusta mucho. Ha se como tres meses me fracture un dedo de la mano derecha, el otro a`no me paso lo mismo y hase cuatro dias me paso lo mismo, se me olvido desirte como me he fracturado los dedos de la mano, fue cuando estaba huque gando basketball, tambien me gusta hugar mucho basketball. Mi mama me dijo lla no hugara baskeball, pero me gusta Rosi en la escuela acabe de terminar clase de computadora, ya puedo escribir sin ver la tabla y rapido. En la escuela que estoy te exigen muchisimo es medio dificil algunas veces, pero si me gusta mucho y Raquel esta empesando ha manejar, Que miedo! Yo en dos a~nos yo lla tambiem voy ha empesar ha manejar. Bueno Rosi te voy ha volver ha ...

10 Career Lessons You Should Learn in Your 20s

10 Career Lessons You Should Learn in Your 20s Every hiring manager is looking for something different- a unique combination of experience and skills. But there are also a few universal skills and values you should always work to keep sharp. Everyone, no matter what place on the job hierarchy, should check in once in a while to  dig deep and  ask yourself  if you’re working at the top of your personal game.Here are 10 of the top lessons working in the current landscape should teach you. Learn them now, and use them to keep your skills sharp and updated.1. Networking MattersYou may hate social media- and hate small talk even more- but social networks are proven to be a crucial factor in professional success. Put some time and effort into broadening yours. Stand by the proverbial water cooler, even if you hate it. And cultivate as wide and diverse a network as you can.2. Keep LearningThe second you decide you’re done learning, or know enough, is probably the second you become obsolete in your industry and in tod ay’s economy. Don’t be left behind. Be the old dog that learns new tricks, acquires new skills, reads up on all the current trends. Even if it weren’t important for success, your life will still be richer for it.3. Failure is ProductiveDon’t give up next time you fail. Think of each failure as an opportunity, or a beginning. What can you learn or improve for next time. What can you try differently? Build up the dusting-yourself-off muscle.4. Teamwork is DreamworkMost potential bosses are going to want you to demonstrate that you can be a team player. Make sure to build the ability to manage others, to delegate, and to build positive working relationships with your colleagues that help you all do your best work and achieve your loftiest goals.5. Organization  is KeyYou won’t get very far if your desk is buried under a pile of messy papers and your time management skills are nonexistent. Start working on prioritizing, systematizing, and setting you rself up to get things done in a timely and tidy fashion. Demonstrate that you can meet deadlines without sacrificing the quality of your work.6. Practice Awareness/AcumenThis is something you can beef up anytime, and might just prove invaluable. Learn what makes a company or industry tick, what works and doesn’t. What are the newest trends, the deepest seated problems? If you can show that you really get what a company is trying to do and achieve, then you’re halfway to getting hired.7. Cultivate IntegrityDon’t be petty or dishonest. Be fair and responsible in all of your dealings and activities. This is seen as a sign of maturity, self-confidence, and trustworthiness and that’s worth a lot in the hiring process.8. Problem SolveYou’ll need this skill throughout your life, not just on the job. But do find a way to demonstrate to hirers that you can attack a problem, find a solution, and get it done. Prove that you can go the extra distance, every t ime.9. Be AwareDiversity is a hugely important issue in the workplace. You should be as sensitive as possible and as aware as possible of other people and other cultures- and be prepared to demonstrate this in your job search. No excuses for ignorance or intolerance.10. Be Open to Trying New ThingsMake sure you have a willingness to try things different ways, to work alone or on a team, to work remotely, work in an office, to work on multiple things at once. Adaptability is a valuable skill that will serve you both on the job and in your life.

Christianity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Christianity - Research Paper Example Irenaeus had stated that there was only one God. But the question that how can Christ be worshiped as God, his relation with Father, difference between Christianity and Judaism etc started coming up. The Asian Christians of Rome believed that â€Å"Christ was the Father himself and the Father himself was born, suffered and died.† Roman Christians were not in favour of this view. North Africans did not believe in the Universalist ideas regarding the church in Rome, but were followers of absolute purity of church as well as integrity of membership. They considered baptism by water to be a mere prelude to the real baptism of blood. They thought these members to be Spirits who were impatiently awaiting the end of their physical life. Agape meal was described as a simple meal which benefited the less fortunate and was coupled with hymn, reading of the Holy Scripture and prayers. It was beneficial because it implanted love among Christians and made them morally stronger. The special practices during baptism (renouncing the devil, a threefold immersion, having milk and honey afterwards and not taking a bath for a week to follow), thanksgiving (accepted prior to daybreak) and worship (using cross sign and not kneeling on Sundays). From the 38 surviving pieces of Tertullian’s work, little has been learnt regarding his life. But going by Jerome’s evidence, he was â€Å"the son of a centurion in the proconsul’s guard† and had a very â€Å"sharp and violent talent†.... But going by Jerome’s evidence, he was â€Å"the son of a centurion in the proconsul’s guard† and had a very â€Å"sharp and violent talent†. (Frend, 348) Tertullian had drifted towards Montanism because of the ill treatment that was extended to the clergy in the Roman churches. He had died in an old age. Owing to his deep knowledge of the pagan literature and Stoicism, he did not act as a bridge between Athens and Jerusalem. In fact, he tried to establish a clearer difference between the two. (Frend, 348-350) 7) Cyprian in order to deal with the problem of â€Å"the lapsed† announced that a person who had once become an apostate was religiously impure and company of such people was dangerous and evil. A person who had left the canopy of the church and had gone to other party was to be removed from the church and the rewards related to it. Only if the person goes through penance for a considerable period of time can he be admitted back to the church . It was further said that a person baptized by someone who is no longer the part of the church will gain need to baptize himself. These views were widely accepted and applied by the council. (Frend, 353-355) 8) Seneca had given common insight on how Lord needs to be worshipped. For instance he had forbidden lighting of lamps on Sabbath as the Lord does not require light. He had further said that by offering morning prayers and visiting temples every day, God’s prayer are not successful as Lord can be offered prayers by only those who really know him. God does not need servants or offerings as He is the one who does service to the whole mankind and possesses everything. Lord is kind by nature and he will not let someone harm if the person did

Case #5 AP Courses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case #5 AP Courses - Essay Example The scale of marking is quite simple. Each exam would be marked out of 5 with 3 being the lowest to crawl into some universities and a score of 4 or 5 being acceptable to the majority. With me being the leader and school counselor, and the one to make or break their 'dreams', the whole responsibility rests on my shoulders. To start off, the first question which would pop into my head would be: 'exactly how much did these students score' Since the most common score of acceptance is 4 out of 5, it's a necessary question to know how that by how much they are lagging behind. It is also the reason that I will assume here that my institution accepts a 4 out of 5 score for passing. Now, the most important fact to take into consideration is this; these students have consistently been on the honor roll throughout their academic careers. This proves that they are hard working and dedicated students keen upon learning. This also makes the case tilt towards their side of the argument because I should not make a decision which will seem unfair to them, in which case there might be serious consequences like they might get highly de-motivated and stop studying altogether.

Application of M-commerce in Human Resource Management Essay

Application of M-commerce in Human Resource Management - Essay Example Mobile commerce is one such evolving areas of technology that is gaining lot of attention these days. It is a concept that is fast growing and is adopted in all types of business environment in order to get efficient as well as thorough results. Mobile commerce which is most commonly known as M-Commerce is the capability to carry on with any particular business transaction or commerce by making use of the mobile devices which includes that of mobile phones, smart phone, Personal Digital Assistant of PDA as it is commonly known as, and other such evolving technological equipments like that of the latest dash top mobile phone device. If one wants to get deeper into mobile commerce then it would be any sort of transactions which includes that of rights of ownership on a specific goods or services and the entire process of initiation or completion of the commercial activity should be carried out by making use of the mobile phone (Mennecke B 2003). Everything right from purchase to that o f selling of the products and services are now carried out using a mobile device. Some of the most common areas of services includes mobile banking, mobile brokerage, participating in auctions, mobile purchase facility and that of mobile marketing and advertising activity. The impact that mobile commerce is having over human resource management is very wide. In order to make a business model successful, adequate care and attention needs to be paid to that of the human resource management which is the crux of any organizations’ growth. Proper human resource management serves to be the winning formula. In this ever growing world, things get more advanced and complicated. Human resource area needs extra effort and there should be proper line of communication and well thought out approach. The best would be to act quickly on any human resource related issues which act as the pillar of confidence for the business (Stair R 2012). Using mobile commerce technology for managing human resource is the only best way to gain what one wants to. Everything right from regular checkups, accounting, resource allocation, tracking the performance of the individual can be carried out using a mobile commerce service. There are several types of platforms and functions that are released which makes the application of mobile commerce in human resource management a valuable asset for better managements and success of the business. An organization is a combination of many things and the responsibility levels are higher. There are many essential aspects to look for in an organization and it should be properly managed in order to derive high performance (Xu J 2009). In the recent times, there are many sort of mobile commerce devices that are evolving big time. The mobile device is connected to the computer network directly and all of the information regarding the resources can be accessed directly. The mobile commerce facility in mobile phone not only provide with the ability to ac cess the available materials in common network but also offers with the capacity to make any changes or take actions directly. Human resource field is a wide area and if not properly managed or arranged it will bring in more problem to the company and business. The latest mobile device that is launched recently comes with a better facility to track each and every activity of the resources (Branki C 2008). A human resource mobile application can

Several Limitations On The Growth Of Ecommerce Marketing Essay

Several Limitations On The Growth Of Ecommerce Marketing Essay The early years of e-commerce is ungoverned (Laudon and Traver, 2009) while the todays e-commerce is stronger regulation and governance (Laudon and Traver, 2009). When the e-commerce is just start to launch, the government was not set the rules and regulation for the e-commerce business and do not control over it. While todays e-commerce is having stronger regulation and governance (Laudon and Traver, 2009) than early years of e-commerce, the e-commerce business was protecting by Internet rules and regulation worldwide and government was keeping an eye on it. The early years of e-commerce is practice pure online strategies (Laudon and Traver, 2009) where the organizations are doing their business in the virtual world without having the physical store in real world. Whereas, todays e-commerce is practice mixed bricks and clicks strategies (Laudon and Traver, 2009) that run their business in both way which are doing their transaction in the Internet and in the physical store. There are a lot of dot com raised when the beginning of e-commerce, but there only a few that able to survive until today (Laudon and Traver, 2009). The example for the organizational that using pure online strategies (Laudon and Traver, 2009) in the early years of e-commerce is Amazon.com while the organizational that using the mixed bricks and clicks strategies (Laudon and Traver, 2009) in todays e-commerce is Tesco.com. The early years of e-commerce is apply disintermediation (Laudon and Traver, 2009) while todays e-commerce is strengthening the process of intermediation (Laudon and Traver, 2009). In the early years of e-commerce, the organizations prefer to manage their market relationship directly with their customers without the presence of the intermediary, they eliminate the intermediation process. But the intense competition that result from disintermediation process (Laudon and Traver, 2009), it encourage todays e-commerce to do their business with the presence of intermediary. In the early years of e-commerce, it was practice the technology-driven (Laudon and Traver, 2009) which the organizational need to put a lot of effort to develop their organizational web site in the Internet. They are more emphasis on the development of the information technologies that useful for their web site. In todays e-commerce, the organization is more focus on the business-driven (Laudon and Traver, 2009) where they are more focus on the strategies that apply in their business. For those organization that was the first enter to the market in the early years of e-commerce will enjoy the benefit of being the first mover (Laudon and Traver, 2009). As the first mover of the market, the organizations would build their brand name easily, get a lot of customer quickly (Laudon and Traver, 2009) and be the leader in the market. While for the todays e-commerce, the organization is practice strategic follower strength (Laudon and Traver, 2009) which is they are found out and enjoy the advantages to become the follower in the market. What are the major limitations on the growth of e-commerce? Which, in your opinion, is potentially the toughest to overcome? The major limitations on the growth of e-commerce are categorized in two segments which are technological limitations and non-technological limitations (Turban et al. 2010). For the technological limitations, there are several limitations on the growth of e-commerce: Software and tools for develop the web site is changing from time to time (Turban et al. 2010). The organization need to up to date by using the software or tools in building their company web site so it show to consumer that they are able to follow the trend. For example: organization may use the old version of internet browser in the earlier year when build the web site but they need to change it to the latest version of internet browser when there is the movement of the technology. Cost to access the Internet is expensive or inconvenient (Turban et al. 2010) to some of the country. For the third world country such as Africa, the cost to access to the internet may be very costly to them and the people in that country may be is inconvenient to browse the internet. Many people in the Africa is not affordable to have internet service in their house even own a personal computer in their house is a luxury goods to them. When they are unable to afford to buy a computer and access to the internet, they also are not affording to buying products through the companys web site. For the non-technological limitations, there are several limitations on the growth of e-commerce: People are not having enough confidence to trust the faceless and paperless transactions (Turban et al. 2010). People especially the old-thinking generation will not trust to the buying and selling product or services through the Internet because they think the transactions in the Internet mostly are fraud transactions and doing the transaction without face-to-face communication will bring a lot of problem and do not make them confidence to the transactions. Security and privacy issues are stop customer to buying and selling in the Internet world (Turban et al. 2010). Nowadays, there are a lot of fraudulent transactions and privacy information being stolen by other people when customers are doing transaction in the Internet, this situation will make customer lost their confidence toward buying and selling goods through the Internet. When customer is paying by using credit card in the Internet, they will feel worry whether their personal information will being use by other people unauthorized or getting them involved in the criminal. In my opinion, the toughest limitation to be overcome would be the security and privacy issues (Turban et al. 2010). A lot of intelligence criminal is embezzling consumers privacy information they have filled in the Internet and steal their identity with the aid of advanced technology and software. This is difficult to overcome since the rules and regulations for the Internet are incomplete and unclear and undefined. The punishment for the Internet criminal should be more rigorous to prevent the Internet criminal being increases in the future. Task 1b: What are some of the major advantages and disadvantages of being a first mover? First mover is defined as the organizations that first enters the market and gather market share in a short period (Laudon and Traver, 2009). The advantages of being a first mover are: Being a first mover, the firm can enjoy the technology leadership where firm was using the technological skills that were hard to copy by other companies (later entrance to the market) (Ettington, 2010). As a technology leadership, firm also can enjoy the benefit of patent their product to prevent other competitor to copy their product. For example: Amazon.Com was the first company using the collaborative filtering-technologies that help them to analyze one customers purchase and suggest the customer other books that people with similar preferences have bought(Mellahi and Johnson, 2000). By doing this, Amazon.Com could create brand loyalty among their customer since they are the first web sites that provide this feature. Amazon.Com have patent its affiliate programmes and one-click buying features (Mellahi and Johnson, 2000) to protect the features being imitate by others. Besides that, being a first mover achieves the benefit of preemption assets (Lieberman and Montgomery, 1987) which is the ability of the firm to manage the better resources than late entrants. First mover was able to choose which resources that best meet their requirement such as in natural resources, geographical location and distribution channels (Lieberman and Montgomery, 1987). For the first mover, the firm will have the dominant position to choose the natural resources that best suit to their firms product than the late entrants. Wal-Mart was the first retail shop that takes advantage in choosing to open a discount store in a small town. Other than that, first mover can build the buyer switching cost (Ettington, 2010) in order to prevent customer to switch to other brands or products. When there is a switching cost barrier, the customer would not simply switch to other brands or product due to inconvenient or cost issues. By build buyer switching cost, it may lead to repeat purchasing among the customer. As the first mover, company will have the priority in more understanding the customers preference and produce the quality product to the customer. This may help the company to build the customers loyalty toward the companys brand. As the first mover in the market could experience the high degree of consumer awareness (Kerin, Varadarajan and Peterson, 1992). First mover firm will be the first firm entry to the market and it can make consumer pay high attention on the firm since it was the first in the market. With the successful market strategies and market positioning, it could help the firm to gain the consumer awareness toward the firm and the products. When the consumers have consumed the firms product and satisfied with the products performance, then it will leads to the repeat purchased behavior. Once the repeat purchase behavior was form, the consumer will unwilling to switch to other brand (late entrant). For example, when the first Apples iPhone is launched to the market, it creates the consumer awareness toward it product and established repeat purchase of iPhone when there is the latest version of iPhone is launched in the market. The disadvantages of being a first mover are: The disadvantages that may bring to first mover is the free riding by later entrance in the area of technology, employee training, infrastructure development and buyer education (Lieberman and Montgomery, 1987). For the first mover firm, they might be needed to invest a lot of capital into the product and develop a number of research and development toward the product their want to launch. While for the late entrants, they would like to imitate the first movers product since the research and development process is costly than imitation. Besides that, follower may also hire the staff from the first movers firm to prevent the heavy training cost (Lieberman and Montgomery, 1987). For example of infrastructure development, Sony have to spending their time and money for first launched the VCR product in the US market because they need to pursue lawsuit to allow consumer in have the right to record TV programmes for their own use (Lieberman and Montgomery, 1987). First mover in the market may be face the disadvantages of apply incorrect marketing strategies or technology (Lieberman and Montgomery, 1987) for their product. First mover firm in order to maintain their market leader position and dominate in the industry, the firm have to forecast the technology development and customer demand precisely (Lieberman and Montgomery, 1987). The risk of the firm being failed in the industry may increase when the firm was wrongly anticipated the market and process of technology development. The British Air Corporation has introduced the first commercial-jet -the DeHaviland Comet was failed when there is a mistake in the design. While Boeing has dominated the global aircraft industry after the failure of British Air Corporation by comes up with a superior design in the form 707 (Lieberman and Montgomery, 1987). In addition, first mover may need to invest a huge amount of money and time into the development of their product. First mover may face a number of failures when in the product development stage while late entrant does not need to pass through this process. Late entrant may not need to invest such a huge amount in their product development because they may copy the first movers product, marketing strategies and technology used to develop the product. Besides that, first mover may also face the problem of market uncertainty and demand uncertainty. As the first mover firm, they need to clearly clarify the market uncertainty and demand uncertainty since these two factors may lead to the failure of the product. The firms need to exactly understand what the customer really need and produce the product that can meet the customers need exactly. The firms also need to understand the market trend and produce the product that mostly suit to the market so that the firm will not failed although they was the first mover.

Good Food Industry :: essays research papers

GOOD FOODS INCORPORATED   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Good Food, Incorporated (GFI) is a company founded on the belief that children can grow up healthier and live longer if they are fed a natural, nutritionally balanced diet starting earlier in life. GFI’s goal is to increase awareness of this link between diet and health.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Good Food Industry was a start up business with three principals presently involved in its development. GFI’s principals have researched and developed a line of unique children’s food products based on the holistic health concept. The holistic concept, which health food consumer determined was widely accepted among adult consumers of health foods, was new to child-care field. Hence GFI planned to take advantage of the opportunities for market development and penetration that its principals were confident exists. GFI also believed that the existing baby-food industry paid only cursory attention to providing high quality, nutrition products, and that the limited number of truly healthy and nutritious baby foods created a market void that GFI could successfully fill.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Market Research During its market research phase, GFI engaged â€Å"Vick Product Sales Research Corporation† as its marketing and advertising consulting company. Vick prepared reports on industry trends for the traditional children’s food industry and healthy food industry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vick’s market research showed that the United States was entering a â€Å"mini baby boom† that would increase the potential market base for its products. Health food products would approach the market place primarily through the health food stores and nature food centres in major supermarket chain stores, initially in the northwest and California. Acceptance of the GFI concept in these areas would enable The Company to expand to a national market. Market Definition   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  GFI planned to direct its efforts to the sale of its health care products through the health food retail outlets and natural food centres located within major supermarkets. Geographically, the company would initially direct its efforts in two key areas: Northeast, especially around New York City: and particularly in the Reno, Nevada and Sacramento, California area. Both areas had a high concentration of adult health food consumers who GFI had found, through market research and analysis, to be most receptive to health concepts for children. According to this market research the specific target markets that GFI would approach through these outlets were: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Parents who were concerned about their health and their children’s health and who thus demand higher quality and more nutritionally lanced foods and products. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Operators of child-care centres who provide meals to children. Good Food Industry :: essays research papers GOOD FOODS INCORPORATED   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Good Food, Incorporated (GFI) is a company founded on the belief that children can grow up healthier and live longer if they are fed a natural, nutritionally balanced diet starting earlier in life. GFI’s goal is to increase awareness of this link between diet and health.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Good Food Industry was a start up business with three principals presently involved in its development. GFI’s principals have researched and developed a line of unique children’s food products based on the holistic health concept. The holistic concept, which health food consumer determined was widely accepted among adult consumers of health foods, was new to child-care field. Hence GFI planned to take advantage of the opportunities for market development and penetration that its principals were confident exists. GFI also believed that the existing baby-food industry paid only cursory attention to providing high quality, nutrition products, and that the limited number of truly healthy and nutritious baby foods created a market void that GFI could successfully fill.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Market Research During its market research phase, GFI engaged â€Å"Vick Product Sales Research Corporation† as its marketing and advertising consulting company. Vick prepared reports on industry trends for the traditional children’s food industry and healthy food industry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vick’s market research showed that the United States was entering a â€Å"mini baby boom† that would increase the potential market base for its products. Health food products would approach the market place primarily through the health food stores and nature food centres in major supermarket chain stores, initially in the northwest and California. Acceptance of the GFI concept in these areas would enable The Company to expand to a national market. Market Definition   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  GFI planned to direct its efforts to the sale of its health care products through the health food retail outlets and natural food centres located within major supermarkets. Geographically, the company would initially direct its efforts in two key areas: Northeast, especially around New York City: and particularly in the Reno, Nevada and Sacramento, California area. Both areas had a high concentration of adult health food consumers who GFI had found, through market research and analysis, to be most receptive to health concepts for children. According to this market research the specific target markets that GFI would approach through these outlets were: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Parents who were concerned about their health and their children’s health and who thus demand higher quality and more nutritionally lanced foods and products. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Operators of child-care centres who provide meals to children.

Phil History

Many of us didn't know who are we and where we came from. From the quote â€Å"Nothing of me is original. I am the combined effort of everyone I've ever known†, it says that we, Filipinos don't have any original identity, our identity, like the political, social, economical, and cultural that we have today, came up from the colonization of the other country, like Spain, America, and Japan. Before the colonization of Spain, America, and Japan, Philippines said to have a vast culture In political, economical, social and cultural.In 7,107 Islands In the Philippines there are different people living with different political, economical, social and cultural approach. In pre-colonization, the system of government decentralized, meaning there is no center government to govern the other small government. The leader of the barbarian is a Data, Confederacy is a Rah, and Sultanate is a sultan. Their Judicial system Is oral, which means, whatever the law imposed by the leader It will be s poken through a messenger. They formed alliances through the process of â€Å"Sandburg†.Some lived near bodies of water, and some lived In the mountains or rest. The lifestyle of the people living near the bodies of water are fishing, boat building, pottery, farming, and so many more, while the people living in the mountains are swished, farming, hunting, gathering, etc. People living before the colonization, have a social strata, first is the imaging and data class, a ruling and warrior class. Second Is the maharaja, a wealthy class. Third Is the Tamaki or freeman, a commoner. Last Is the Labial or Roller, debt peons. People In the pre colonization have a system of writing called Babylon.They also have religion, called minims, they worship anoint/Anita, data and their priest/sees is called Babylon. The Muslims saw Misguidance and Sulk first before the Spaniards came to the Philippines and introduce their religion called Islam, where their God is Allah and prophet is Mohammed All. When the Spanish came to Philippines, their only purpose Is the g's: God, Gold and Glory. They colonize us in two ways, one is with religion and the other Is with the use of sword. Religion came to victorious. The Spaniards gave us new way to live our life; they also introduce us to their religion, which is Christianity.We, Filipinos at home set up altars in the Hispanic tradition, adorned with Catholic images, flowers and candles. During fiestas, most communities organize church services and religious processions in honor of a patron saint. Also, we inherit the holiday of the Spaniards, for January 1 – New years day, March or April – Seaman Santa also called Holy week, October 31 – November 2 – All saints day and all souls day, December 24 – Niche Buena also known as Christmas Eve, and December 25 – Christmas. They created two governments, one is the central government and the other is the local government.The central government is he aded by Governor-General, who is the commander-in-chief, head of an army and navy, he also have veto power, meaning if he seems the law is not good enough, he can nullify or cancel the law. He Is the Vice-Real Patron, and lastly, he Is the president provinces and the leader is called Lacked Mayor, Corrections, which are unified provinces, the leader is Corridors, Pueblo-towns, the leader is Gubernatorial, Cicada, the leader is Mountaintop and Barbarian, the leader is Caber. In the course of Spanish colonization in the Philippines, the friars instructed opulent Baroque-style church edifices.These structures are still found today everywhere across the country and they symbolize the cultural influence of Spain in Filipino life. The opulence of these edifices was clearly visible in the ornate facades, paintings, and sculpture, as well as in the behavioral patterns of the people and in the intricate rituals associated with Roman Catholic churches. While it is true that the Spaniards expl oited labor in the construction of the imposing Baroque-style sanctuaries for Roman Catholic worship, it is also true that these same edifices came the means by which Filipino artistic talents and inclinations were expressed.The carpenters, masons, craftsmen, and artisans were mainly Filipinos. In this way, the Roman Catholic Church and religion influenced Filipino architectural and building style, even as the rituals and festivities of the Church influenced Filipino dances, songs, paintings, and literary writings. Through these influences, the Church afforded the Filipinos abundant opportunities for both solemn rites and Joyous festivities and celebrations known as â€Å"fiestas. The services inside the Catholic hurries often spilled out into the thoroughfare in the form of colorful and pageant- filled religious processions in which the rich and the poor participated. Dining, drinking, and merrymaking often followed or accompanied such religious activities. During these feasts, Sp anish culinary specialties like â€Å"paella† which means a dish consisting of a mixture of rice, chicken and shellfish, â€Å"razor valerian† which means glutinous rice and chicken cooked in coconut milk, and â€Å"lingua† meaning sautà ©ed ox- tongue usually with mushroom sauce became part of the local table fare.The rites ND feasts served to provide relief from the drudgery of humdrum village existence, to release pent-up social and economic frustrations, or to foster community spirit and unity. With the help of the Americans, Philippines got its independence after the sacrifices they undergo under the Spaniards. After the independence, Americans redistribute the enormous land properties that were given during the Spanish period to the Catholic Church. Even though they redistribute the land, the small farmers didn't get any land because they can't prove that they are the owner of that land and they can't pay the asked price.The lands became the property of l arge landowners. American General Douglas Mac Arthur landed in Elite, one of the biggest islands in Central Island of the Philippines with 700 vessel and 174 000 army and navy. Since the American led us, the government was divided into three branches: Judiciary, system of courts that interprets and applies the law in the name of state. It also provides a mechanism for the resolution of disputes among people. Legislative, the one who make the law or pertaining to the enactment of law. Last is, Executive, the one who enforces the law or have the power to put plans, actions or laws into effect.There are also schools that were built during their time, like the agricultural schools; Philippine Normal University and University of the Philippines. Their medium of instruction was English and the teachers are called Atomies. Also, there were public schools that were open up for the education of the Filipinos. Also, during the introduced to us by the Americans and approximately three hundred thousand Filipinos become protestant. In the economical part, Americans built roads, streets, bridges, and new infrastructures that made movement of products and services more efficient.It also improved the Philippines economy by the development of new industries, increase in agricultural production. In the social part, Filipinos learned to play games, watch movies, new kinds of music introduced to us by Americans, using respectful greetings like â€Å"Magenta magma PDP' were replaced by merely saying â€Å"Good morning†, â€Å"Paganism' was replaced by kissing the cheeks of parents and elders as a sign of respect. We lost our sense of â€Å"banish. † Women wear dresses, high- heeled shoes, and a handbag, while men, Suits, polo shirts, ties and Jeans. The Japanese started when they started attacking the Pearl Habit.It is also in the Japanese time, when the Filipinos do the death march from Bataan to San Fernando Pangaea where many of Filipino died. In their occupatio n, the Japanese introduced to us duck farming, fish breeding, and other influences like removing slippers before entering the house, bonsai planting, and manufacturing farm tools and war weapons. They also taught us origami, their martial art, Judo, and tanning of deer skin. Since the Japanese where here for Just a short period of time, they didn't leave much of their culture but they change the way things are done in the Philippines. Just like strict curfews was enforced.Even though our country has an identity of our own before the coming of the colonizers, like Filipinos know how to survive and have their own ways to live, they can create things by the use of what they see in their surroundings, but we had been greatly influenced by the country that colonized us. I think that the three countries that colonized us changed our political, economical, cultural and social system of our country. I think our identity today, as Filipinos are mixed from the Spanish, Americans and Japanese influence to us. Our lifestyles that we have now came from different influences of other country to us.Today, some of the Filipinos still do â€Å"banish† in some of the provinces in the Philippines, There are many Spanish influences on Filipino culture. Thousands of Spanish words are load in most Filipino languages. We, Filipinos sometime speak Spanish, when we have simple conversation, like mesa, silly, and many other Spanish words, all over the Philippines. The traditions of the Spanish, their holidays, their religion, and even their government are also the influences of the Spaniards as they colonized our country. The influence of the Spanish, like â€Å"paganism as inkstands† still lives in us or inAmerican influence, â€Å"packaging as pissing† some of the Filipino do this as a respect to the elderly or to their parents. The way of how we dress is also influenced by Spanish and America. We wear coat and tie for going to work, Barron and flapping dress for attending marriage or baptism, and gown or dresses for attending formal parties. We also adopt their government which is the local and central government. We also adopt the system of government of America given to us, the legislative, the Judiciary and the executive. With the help of the American, the agriculture of our country has en improved.